Android History

 

✅ 1️⃣ What is Android?

Android is an open-source operating system made by Google.

It runs on smartphones, tablets, TVs, watches, and cars.

  • It’s based on the Linux kernel.

  • Lets you run apps built with Java or Kotlin.

  • Most of the world’s smartphones use Android.

Simple idea: It’s the software that makes your phone work and run apps.

✅ 2️⃣ Features of Android

⭐ Open Source: Free to use and customize.
⭐ User-Friendly: Easy to use with touch screen.
⭐ Multitasking: Run many apps at once.
⭐ Notifications: Alerts for calls, messages, apps.
⭐ Connectivity: Supports Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 4G/5G, NFC.
⭐ Google Integration: Gmail, Maps, YouTube.
⭐ App Store: Millions of apps on Google Play Store.
⭐ Customization: Change themes, launchers, widgets.
⭐ Multiple Language Support: Works in many languages.

✅ 3️⃣ Drawbacks of Android

⚠️ Fragmentation: Many versions on different devices, so updates are slow.
⚠️ Security Issues: Easier for malware to spread if apps are from outside Play Store.
⚠️ Battery Drain: Background apps can use battery.
⚠️ Ads and Bloatware: Many devices have unwanted pre-installed apps.
⚠️ Performance Variability: Cheap phones may lag.

✅ 4️⃣ Basic Android (Simple Intro)

  • Apps: Small programs you install (e.g., WhatsApp, YouTube).

  • Activity: A single screen in an app (like a page).

  • Intent: How screens communicate or open other apps.

  • Service: Does work in the background (e.g., playing music).

  • Broadcast Receiver: Listens for system events (like charging).

  • Content Provider: Shares data between apps.

✅ UI: User Interface made with XML layouts.
✅ Code: Written in Kotlin or Java.
✅ Build Tool: Gradle to compile and package the app.
✅ IDE: Android Studio for writing and testing apps.


✅ 📜 History of Android (Short Notes in Simple Language)

⭐ 2003:

  • Android Inc. was founded by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White in California.

  • Goal: Build an advanced operating system for cameras, then shifted to mobile phones.

⭐ 2005:

  • Google bought Android Inc.

  • Google wanted a free, open-source mobile OS to compete with others.

⭐ 2007:

  • Google formed the Open Handset Alliance (OHA) with companies like Samsung, HTC, Motorola.

  • Android was announced to the public.

  • Promise: Open and free mobile OS for everyone.

⭐ 2008:

  • First Android phone: HTC Dream (also called T-Mobile G1).

  • Had a touch screen + slide-out keyboard.

  • Google Play Store (then “Android Market”) started.

⭐ 2009–2012:

  • Rapid improvements in Android versions (Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwich, Jelly Bean).

  • Added features like better UI, multitasking, tablets.

⭐ 2013–2017:

  • Versions like KitKat, Lollipop, Marshmallow, Nougat.

  • Big UI redesigns (Material Design).

  • Better battery life and security.

⭐ 2018–2023:

  • Versions like Oreo, Pie, 10, 11, 12, 13.

  • Improved privacy controls, dark mode, gesture navigation.

  • Foldable phone support.

⭐ 2024–2025:

  • Latest versions (Android 14, 15).

  • Focus on customization, security, foldables, large screens.

⭐ Today:
✅ Used on billions of devices: phones, tablets, TVs, cars, watches.
✅ Most popular mobile OS in the world.
✅ Open-source but Google provides services (Play Store, Maps, etc.).

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Developed By Rekibur Uddin